pytest学习实践（二）
断言
pytest的断言就用的python最基本的assert
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| import pytest
def func(x):
return x + 1
def test_func():
assert func(3) == 5
if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(['-q'])
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异常捕获
用raises来捕获预期的异常
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| import json
import pytest
def func():
filename = 'package.json'
with open(filename) as f_obj:
json.load(f_obj)
raise FileNotFoundError
def test_func():
with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
func()
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多个类组成用例
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| import pytest
class TestClass():
def test_one(self):
x = "this"
assert 'h' in x
def test_two(self):
x = 'hello'
assert hasattr(x, 'check')
if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(['-q'])
|
只要函数以test_开头，都可以识别
指定测试case
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| def test_one():
x = "this"
assert 'h' in x
def test_two():
x = 'hello'
assert hasattr(x, 'check')
if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(['-q', 'test_2.py::test_one'])
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但是这样的方式只能指定一个函数，如果需要执行多个，就有点麻烦
使用pytest.mark进行标记
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| @pytest.mark.commit
def test_one():
x = "this"
assert 'h' in x
@pytest.mark.finished
def test_two():
x = 'hello'
assert hasattr(x, 'check')
@pytest.mark.finished
def test_three():
assert 1 == 2
if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(['-m', 'finished'])
# os.system('pytest -m finished')
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使用mark进行标记，标记哪些需要执行，也支持：pytest -m "commit and finished"
跳过测试
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| @pytest.mark.skip
def test_two():
x = 'hello'
assert hasattr(x, 'check')
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也支持skipif
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| @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="not support win32")
def test_four():
assert 1 == 1
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捕获遇见错误xfail
使用xfail来标记，期望该测试函数执行失败（执行失败，但又不想跳过）；配合配置文件test.ini，文件中指定标志位，例如：
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| [pytest]
xfail_strict=true
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| @pytest.mark.xfail(strict=True)
def test_five():
a = id(["1", "2", "3"])
b = id([1, 2, 3])
assert a == b
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运行返回结果x表示XFAIL预见的失败；X表示XPASS预见的成果
也可以用pytest --runxfail强制执行标记xfail的用例
参数化
pytest使用pytest.mark.parametrize(argnames, argvalues)进行参数化实现
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| @pytest.mark.parametrize('passwd', ['12345678909', 'sdsddewd'])
def test_six(passwd):
assert len(passwd) >= 10
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测试结果：
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| .F [100%]
================================== FAILURES ===================================
_____________________________ test_six[sdsddewd] ______________________________
passwd = 'sdsddewd'
@pytest.mark.parametrize('passwd', ['12345678909', 'sdsddewd'])
def test_six(passwd):
> assert len(passwd) >= 10
E AssertionError: assert 8 >= 10
E + where 8 = len('sdsddewd')
test_2.py:31: AssertionError
1 failed, 1 passed in 0.15 seconds
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case重试
安装插件
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| pip install -U pytest-rerunfailures
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执行
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| if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(['-s', '-q', '--reruns', '3'])
# os.system('pytest -s -q test_2.py --reruns 3')
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| 1 failed, 1 warnings, 3 rerun in 0.13 seconds
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可以指定单个case重试
多进程运行cases
安装插件
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| pip install -U pytest-xdist
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执行
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| if __name__ == '__main__':
# pytest.main(['-s', '-n', '3'])
os.system('pytest -s -n 3 test_2.py')
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| gw0 I / gw1 I / gw2 I
gw0 [1] / gw1 [1] / gw2 [1]
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生成测试报告（htmlReport）
安装插件
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| pip install -U pytest-html
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执行
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| if __name__ == '__main__':
# pytest.main(['--html=report.html'])
os.system('pytest test_2.py --html=report.html')
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报告很好看！
