matplotlib可绘制随机漫步图,取随机X个数,在画布上绘制,并加入渐变颜色,效果还是挺好看的
代码如下:
random_walk.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 #!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from random import choice class RandomWalk(): """一个生成随机漫步数据的类""" def __init__(self,num_point=5000): """初始化随机漫步的属性""" self.num_point = num_point #所有随机漫步的点都始于(0,0) self.x_values = [0] self.y_values = [0] def get_step(self): """设置前进方向及距离""" direction = choice([1, -1]) distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) step = distance * direction return step def fill_walk(self): """计算随机漫步的所有点""" while len(self.x_values) < self.num_point: x_step = self.get_step() y_step = self.get_step() #排除原地踏步情况 if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0: continue #计算下一个点的位置 next_x = self.x_values[-1] + x_step next_y = self.y_values[-1] + y_step self.x_values.append(next_x) self.y_values.append(next_y)
rw_visual.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 #!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from random_walk import RandomWalk while True: #创建一个随机漫步实例,并将所有包含的点绘制出 rw = RandomWalk(30000) rw.fill_walk() point_num = list(range(rw.num_point)) plt.scatter(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, c=point_num, cmap=plt.cm.Blues, s=5) #突出起点和终点 plt.scatter(0, 0, c='green', s=100) plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1], rw.y_values[-1], c='red', s=100) #隐藏坐标轴 plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False) plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False) #plt.subplot().set_xticks([]) #plt.subplot().set_yticks([]) plt.show() keep_drawing = input("Make another walk?y/n") if keep_drawing == 'n': break
可成功绘制随机漫步图,然而有个警告报错:
1 MatplotlibDeprecationWarning: Adding an axes using the same arguments as a previous axes currently reuses the earlier instance. In a future version, a new instance will always be created and returned. Meanwhile, this warning can be suppressed, and the future behavior ensured, by passing a unique label to each axes instance.warnings.warn(message, mplDeprecation, stacklevel=1)
原因是matplotlib版本问题,出在隐藏坐标轴plt.axes().get_yaxis()
处,尝试修改为:
1 2 plt.subplot().set_xticks([]) plt.subplot().set_yticks([])
然而没啥用,还是在警告,暂时没解决。。好在不影响功能,不是强迫症也就无视这红字了。。